Saturday, March 21, 2015

Easy Native Plants for Wildlife Gardens, by Sally Manifold, MS

Easy Native Plants for
Wildlife Gardens
Sally Manifold

The plants listed in these tables are among the easiest to grow in suburban gardens.  If matched to their preferred soil moisture levels and sun/shade exposure, they will thrive.  Many can take more sun if soil moisture is higher; and conversely, plants from Medium and Wet soil lists may grow in drier soil with more shade.  Mulching with chipped branches or leaves will subdue weeds and preserve moisture.  All new plants will need summer irrigation for their first year.


Type codes: t,m,s = tall, medium, small ; T = tree, S = shrub; GC = ground cover; P = perennial; A = annual;
            e = evergreen, d = deciduous
Other codes (after Common name) # = Pacific Northwest native, but not in Puget lowlands;  + = will spread,
            ++ = will spread energetically


                              Sun                      DRY SOIL                           Shade
Common name
Botanical name
Type
Common name
Botanical name
Type
Calif. wax-myrtle #
Myrica californica
tSe
Calif. hazelnut
Corylus cornuta
tSd
Blue elderberry
Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea
tSd
Pacific rhododendron
Rhododendron macrophyllum
tSe
Shore pine
Pinus contorta var. contorta
mTe
Baldhip rose +
Rosa gymnocarpa
mSd
Chokecherry +
Prunus virginiana
tSd
Tall Oregon grape
Mahonia aquifolium
mSe
Serviceberry
Amelanchier alnifolia
mSd
Ev. huckleberry
Vaccinium ovatum
mSe
Oceanspray
Holodiscus discolor
tSd
Salal ++
Gultheria shallon
sSe
Hairy manzanita
Arctostaphylos columbiana
mSe
Oregon boxwood
Paxistima myrsinites
sSe
Mock-orange
Philadelphus lewisii
mSd
Trailing blackberry ++
Rubus ursinus
GCe
Kinnikinnick +
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
GCe
Pacific starflower +
Trientalis borealis
Pd
Wooly sunflower
Eriophyllum lanatum
Pd
Dull Oregon grape +
Mahonia nervosa
GCe
Stonecrop +
Sedum oreganum, S. spathulifolium
GCe
Woodland strawberry +
Fragaria vesca
GCe


                              Sun                MEDIUM SOIL                           Shade
Common name
Botanical name
Type
Common name
Botanical name
Type
West. white pine
Pinus monticola
tTe
Sitka spruce
Picea sichensis
tTe
Paper birch
Betula papyrifera
mTd
Cascara
Rhamnus purshiana
mTd
Shore pine
Pinus contorta var. contorta
mTe
Vine maple
Acer circinatum
sTd
Douglas maple #
Acer glabrum
mTd
Pacific yew
Taxus brevifolia
sTe
Scouler’s willow
Salix scouleriana
mTd
Osoberry
Oemleria cerasiformis
tSd
Calif. hazelnut
Corylus cornuta
tSd
Baldhip rose +
Rosa gymnocarpa
mSd
Red-flowering currant
Ribes sanguineum
mSd
Thimbleberry ++
Rubus parviflorus
sSd
Ever. huckleberry
Vaccinium ovatum
mSe
Snowberry ++
Symphoricarpos albus
sSd
Coast strawberry+
Fragaria chiloensis
GCe
Sword fern
Polystichum munitum
Pe
Oregon iris
Iris tenax
Pe
Twinflower +
Linnaea borealis
GCe
Calif. poppy +
Eschscholtzia californica
A
Bleeding heart +
Dicentra formosa
Pd
Yarrow +
Achillea millefolium
Pd
West. columbine
Aquilegia formosa
Pd
         
                     Sun                           WET SOIL                           Shade
Common name
Botanical name
Type
Common name
Botanical name
Type
Red alder
Alnus rubra
tTd
Western redcedar
Thuja plicata
tTe
Aspen ++
Populus tremuloides
mTd
Vine maple
Acer circinatum
sTd
Sitka willow
Salix sitchensis
tSd
Redtwig dogwood
Cornus sericea
tSd
Pacific crabapple
Malus fusca
sTd
Osoberry
Oemleria cerasiformis
mSd
Pacific ninebark
Physocarpus capitatus
tSd
Red elderberry
Sambucus racemosa
tSd
Black hawthorn
Crataegus douglasii
tSd
Twinberry
Lonicera involucrata
mSd
Nootka rose ++
Rosa nutkana
mSd
Salmonberry +
Rubus spectabilis
mSd
Douglas spirea ++
Spiraea douglasii
sSd
Deer fern
Blechnum spicant
Pe
Yellow monkeyflower ++
Mimulus guttatus
Pd
Slough sedge +
Carex obnupta
Pe
Henderson’s checkermallow
Sidalcea hendersonii
Pd
Fringecup +
Tellima grandiflora
Pe
Douglas’ aster +
Aster subspicatus
Pd
Lady fern
Athyrium filix-femina
Pd


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